International Journal of Trends in OncoScience

Benefits of Personalized Diet, Nutrition, And Exercise Programs for Cancer Survivors

Hatim.A. Natto, Dr Debananda Sahoo, N. Muneera — Fri, 05 Apr 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Nutrition, diets, and exercise are critical pillars in fortifying the well-being of cancer survivors. A balanced and nutrientrich diet serves as a linchpin in the recovery process for cancer, providing essential vitamins and minerals crucial for rejuvenating weakened immune systems and promoting overall health. The comprehensive influence of nutritional variables, including weight, food, physical activity, and alcohol use, goes beyond cancer development and affects outlook; the standard of living, concurrent health conditions, reappearances, and the incidence of recurrent malignancies are important factors to consider. However, despite their undeniable importance, a comprehensive understanding of their correlating effects on cancer survivors is hindered by the relatively recent and limited literature. This review aims to address existing gaps in current research, emphasizing recent studies and reviews related to nutrition, diets, alcoholic beverages, obesity, and exercise in cancer patients. This review focuses on specific areas necessitating further investigation by synthesizing and scrutinizing the latest findings. By exploring recent advancements, the goal is to contribute to a profound understanding of tailored nutrition plans, specific diets, lifestyle modifications, and exercise regimens, which can strategically enhance cancer survivors' well-being and long-term outcomes.

Unravelling The Complexities of Cervical Cancer: A Comprehensive Exploration

Dr. Shilpa Bhargava, Dr. John Abraham, Dr. Martha Srinivas, Dr. Somenath Ghosh — Fri, 05 Apr 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Cervical cancer (CC) ranks as the second most common cause of cancer-related deaths among women aged 20-39, resulting in ten premature deaths weekly. CC affects women worldwide as the most common form of genital cancer, with approximately 500,000 new cases diagnosed annually. Besides the risk of death, CC can lead to increased morbidity, causing symptoms like pain, haemorrhage, and kidney failure. These complications pose significant challenges to treatment, particularly in areas with limited healthcare access. Immune dysregulation and chronic inflammation further contribute to CC pathogenesis, creating a pro-carcinogenic microenvironment through immune cell recruitment, cytokine release, and inflammatory responses triggered by persistent HPV infection. Moreover, understanding the socio-economic determinants influencing the prevalence of CC and promoting awareness can contribute to effective public health interventions. Research endeavours in these domains are vital to reduce the burden of CC, enhance early detection, and ultimately save lives. This review covers recent research on CC global epidemiology, intricate pathogenesis insights, protein-based HPV vaccines, and diverse treatment modalities, including recurrent cases. Molecular markers indicating prognosis and the role of artificial intelligence. The review will briefly highlight preventive strategies, offering a comprehensive overview of crucial research areas in CC.

Cancer and Food-Related Risks: A Review

Dr. Nisar Ahmed, Dr. Biswajit Dash, Dr. Somenath Ghosh, Dr. Asit Kumar — Fri, 05 Apr 2024 00:00:00 +0000

This review presents the most current scientific evidence related with the interaction between diet and cancer risk. For the purpose of ensuring the food's microbiological and chemical safety, as well as improving its palatability, numerous food processing techniques have been utilized. Innovations and advancements in food processing are being driven by the growing demand for food that are not only nutritious but also convenient and healthy. When new processes and compounds are discovered as a result of improvements in analytical capabilities, it is necessary to conduct a thorough analysis of the potential effects on human health. In this review, the most recent scientific findings concerning the influence of the foods we eat and the risk of developing cancer are presented. Therefore, there is a pressing need for ongoing research as well as the development of comprehensive strategies to address these preventable causes of cancer and to encourage healthier lifestyle choices. This review presents an analysis of the most recent scientific data concerning the correlation between dietary habits and the likelihood of developing cancer. In addition to an increase in the consumption of refined sugars and foods that are high in carbohydrates, these patterns also demonstrates a decrease in the consumption of macronutrients and micronutrients. In addition to this, this review investigates the impact of certain dietary regimens, such as the Mediterranean diets, as well as the intake of meat and dairy items, on the likelihood of developing cancer. Epidemiological studies, molecular mechanisms, and emerging perspectives in the field of personalized nutrition were also been reviewed. It is the objective of this review to present a comprehensive analysis of relevant studies, offering the latest scientific insights regarding the correlation between diet and the likelihood of cancer development.

Epigenetics in Cancer Therapy

Fri, 05 Apr 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Epigenetics regulates parts of the genetic information accessible to cellular machinery, thus contributing to cellular diversity. Disruption of epigenetic harmonisation can lead to dysregulation of signaling pathways and contribute to diseases like cancer. Epigenetic processes are crucial in coordinating the normal growth and preservation of gene activity unique to mammal tissues. Epigenetic studies in current cancer research are vital for early detection through biomarker identification, understanding tumor heterogeneity, predicting treatment responses, and uncovering resistance mechanisms. This knowledge informs targeted therapies, enhances personalized medicine, and improves overall outcomes in cancer patients. This review comprehensively explores epigenetic processes in healthy cells, emphasizing histone modification-lysine acetylation and DNA methylation. The intricate mechanisms governing genetic expression and their dysregulation in cancer progression are also reviewed. Examining prevalent cancer types, this review stresses the pivotal role of epigenetics in understanding and potentially targeting these processes for therapeutic interventions.

A Case Study On Pulmonary and Right Atrial Cardiac Metastases Among Children with Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Dr. Sumalatha KR, Dr. John Abraham, Dr. Pachai Pandy — Fri, 05 Apr 2024 00:00:00 +0000

The occurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma(HpC) hepato-blastoma (HB) in children with metastases in both the right atrium and lungs is a rare occurrence. Overcoming these challenges in treatment is an intricate and demanding process. We present a rare clinical case involving a pediatric patient diagnosed with hepatoblastoma (HpC) that exhibited metastasis to both the lungs and the right atrium. In response to this complex condition, surgical intervention was undertaken, complemented by a carefully administered combination of chemotherapy. This dual-phase chemotherapy, administered both pre- and post-operation, served as an adjuvant treatment strategy. The primary objective of this comprehensive therapeutic approach was to attain full remission, eliminating any traces of the malignancy. The intricacies of managing metastatic HpC in pediatric cases underscore the importance of multidisciplinary interventions, emphasizing the critical role of surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy in the pursuit of a positive treatment outcome. Thus, individuals with HB that has spread to the lungs and right atrium may have a favorable outcome by undergoing proactive and multimodal therapy.

Impact of Microbial Intake for Gums and Periodontal Health in Children Receiving Chemotherapy

Fri, 05 Apr 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Probiotics comprised of living microorganisms and are devoid of any detrimental impacts on health. When consumed in sufficient amounts, they provide nutritional advantages. The prevalent oral infections primarily target the periodontal and dental tissues inside the mouth cavity. This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of oral probiotics in combating bacteria associated with periodontal and dental diseases. Moreover, it aims to evaluate the gum and periodontal well-being of children receiving chemotherapy following the intake of oral probiotics. Seventy children, aged 4 to 16 years and undergoing chemotherapy, were randomly assigned to either the control or test group, which received probiotics, over a period of ninety days. Various evaluations, including the examination of gum and teeth-supporting structures, oral cleanliness, and testing for caries activity, were conducted at different intervals. SPSS 19.0 was utilized for statistical analysis. Among participants in the treatment group, the administration of oral probiotics resulted in a noteworthy reduction in biofilm accumulation over the observation period (P < 0.05). The test group exhibited an improvement in the condition of the gums and supporting structures of the teeth (P < 0.05). A caries activity assessment was conducted using the Snyder test. Among the children in the research group, 10 were found to have a score of 1, while eight exhibited a score of 2. None of the children in the research group displayed a score of 3. The findings indicated that consistent intake of oral probiotics leads to a significant decrease in the build-up of biofilm, the production of tartar, and the occurrence of tooth decay within the experimental group.