International Journal of Trends in OncoScience

Estimate Thyroid Remnant and Metastasis by A Diagnostic Dose of 131I Scintigraphy Or 99 M T C Scintigraphy after A Therapeutic Dose of 131I.

Thu, 24 Apr 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Background: Thyroid cancer is the only endocrine malignant tumor that is easily accessible to clinical examination, it also is the only endocrine gland where the malignant tumors affect all groups of age, both sexes, and spread by all possible routes local, lymphatic, and blood spread. Objectives:. To determine the accuracy of both imaging modalities in identifying persistent disease or distant metastases, to evaluate the impact of timing of post a therapeutic dose of 131I on diagnostic yield. Methods: We studied 83 cases and collected data from medical records, Tumor Therapy and Cancer Research Center at Shendi University (Sudan). This study was conducted between January 2016 and August 2021. Results: in this study, we noticed that most of the participants were females and constituted 275 (79.9%) of the study participants and the majority of participants were ages above 40 years (75.9%). Forty patients (48.2%) had positive family history. Thirty-three patients (39.8%) had similar conditions, thirty-two patients (38.6%) had chronic disease, and eighteen patients (21.7%) had Cancer. The clinical presentations were dominated by: neck swelling in 45 patients (54.2%). Forty-five patients (54.2%) had follicular carcinoma 35 patients (42.2%) had papillary carcinoma and 1 patient (1.2%) had mixed carcinoma. The most common site of Mets is bone (73.5%), lymph nodes (13.2%), lung Mets (8.3%), and another part (16.8%). In diagnostic WBS, it was found that most of the remnant was follicular (58.4%), followed by papillary 41.6% and no remnant in Hürthle or mixed carcinoma. The remnant is decreased with increasing the dose which disappears in patients who took more than 150 mci. Most remnants are present in patients in the age groups above 40 years (73.9%) and the remnant is found in females 77.9%. All of metastasis (100%) is follicular cell carcinoma. The metastasis is found only in patients above 40 years old, (51.8%) between (40-60) years, and (48.4%) more than 60 years. The most of metastasis was found in females 51.5%. All cases of metastasis seen in patients received less than 80 mci. Conclusion: Neck swelling is the most presenting symptom. The most common remnant was the follicular type found in females in age above 40 years remnant decreased with increased dose that disappeared in doses more than 150mci. All metastasis is follicular, and the commonest site of metastasis is bones (73.5%), with approximately the same occurrence in both genders and absent in patients who received higher doses. Conclusion: Both 131I scintigraphy and 99 mTc scintigraphy are effective in assessing thyroid remnants and metastases post- therapeutic 131I dose, but their entity may depend on patient-specific factors and clinical scenarios. While 131I scintigraphy remains the gold standard for metastatic detection, 99mTc scintigraphy offers a safer and faster alternative for evaluating thyroid remnants. We recommended the use of risk-base criteria to decide the appropriate diagnostic modality to individual patients. Consider 99mTc scinitigraphy for low-risk cases and 131I scintigraphy for high-risk patients.

Effect of Mindfulness Based Therapy Using Anapana Meditation on Cancer Patients Being Treated With Radical Radiotherapy: A Single Institution Study

Thu, 24 Apr 2025 00:00:00 +0000

In India, cancer incidence has significantly increased over the last decade with 1.42 million cases in 2022 and with projected rise of 12.8% by 2025. Cancer diagnosis and treatment is associated with stress and anxiety that can adversely impact the quality of life. Stress has also been shown to affect disease progression and development of metastasis. Recently, there has been much interest in alternative methods to improve quality of life in cancer patients. Mindfulness, which has its roots in Buddhist meditation techniques, has been shown to be successful in lowering pain and other symptoms, by enhancing patient's coping mechanisms. Studies have also shown higher levels of mindfulness is associated with improved quality of life. There are several studies testing mindfulness in cancer patients in western literature but they have not included low socioeconomic groups and most are conducted in breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. Ours is a prospective single-arm interventional study conducted in 35 cancer patientsundergoing curative radiotherapy. Patients were subjected toAnapana meditation 30 minutes per day for 15 days. Subjective well-being and Pain scale improvement was assessed by EORTC QLQ C30 questionnaire at baseline and end of Mindfulness Based Intervention (MBI) (Day 15). The mean Global Health Status score was 25.69 before MBI and 22.68 after MBI. Among functional scales, there was an improvement in Physical, Cognitive, and Emotional functioning (p = 0.3751), with Emotional showing maximum improvement by 10 points. Mean scores for Role functioning and Social functioning showed small decrease. Among symptom scales, nausea and vomiting showed improvement with MBI. Fatigue and Pain scores worsened (p = 0.4596). All other symptom scores were static without further decline. These results imply that there is some benefit of MBI in improving perceived symptoms and QoL in patients undergoing RT. Large randomized trials with longer follow up that assess the impact of Mindfulness-based interventions are required to confirm our findings.

Vitamin D and its Role in the Lipid Metabolism and Development

J. Lakshmi Priya — Wed, 25 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Vitamin D defciency is a common health problem worldwide. Despite its known skeletal ects, studies have begun to explore its extra-skeletal e.ects, that is, in preventing metabolic diseases such as obesity, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes mellitus. The article explained the relation between deficiency in vitamin D and increase parameters of lipid profile in the serum. Therefore, correction of vitamin D deficiency will lower the lipid profile. Parameters and so protect the heart from diseases.Vitamin D deficiency and its relation to lipid profile. Vitamin D is a steroid hormone classically involved in the calcium metabolism and bone homeostasis. Standard measure of vitamin D sufficiency, total 25OHD (25 hydroxyvitamin) levels, may not be the best measure-at least by itself. Finally, several recent large clinical trials exploring the role of vitamin D supplementation in nonskeletal diseases are briefly reviewed, with an eye toward what questions they answered and what new questions they raised. The major circulating metabolite of vitamin D, 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH) D), is widely used as a biomarker of vitamin D status. Vitamin D intake which vary from 400–1000 IU/d (10–25 μg/d) for an average adult.

Drug Delivery Based on Hydrogel for the Treatment of Cancer

Kamme Jaya Krishna — Wed, 25 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This highlights the significance of controlled releasing biodegradable hydrogels as chemotherapeutic drug delivery systems. This study examines the use of hydrogels as drug delivery methods for HCC (Hepatocellular carcinoma), including thermo sensitive, pH-sensitive, photosensitive, dual sensitive, and glutathione responsive hydrogels. Localized chemotherapy, as opposed to systemic chemotherapy, can reduce side effects by delivering a steady supply of chemotherapeutic chemicals directly to the tumor location. Hydrogels have been used for wounds, burns, dressings, contact lenses, tissue engineering applications, and more. Finally, hydrogel can intelligently respond to environmental changes according to internal and external environmental stimuli, allowing for remote control and on-demand release of the anti-cancer active substance. This significantly improves drug targeting, lowering dosages and increasing treatment efficacy.

Anti-Microbial Resistance a Global Emerging Threat to the Public Health System

G. Haribabu — Wed, 25 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000